Margaret Jones - Executed for Witchcraft, 1648

Known for: first person executed for witchcraft in Massachusetts Bay ColonyOccupation: midwife, herbalist, physicianDates: died June 15, 1648, executed as a witch in Charlestown (now part of Boston) Margaret Jones was hanged on an elm tree on June 15, 1648, after being convicted of witchcraft. The first known execution for witchcraft in New England was the year before: Alse (or Alice) Young in Connecticut. Her execution was reported in an Almanac published by Samuel Danforth, a Harvard College graduate who was then working as a tutor at Harvard. Samuels brother Thomas was a judge at the Salem witch trials in 1692. John Hale, who was later involved in the Salem witch trials as the minister in Beverley, Massachusetts, witnessed the execution of Margaret Jones when he was twelve years old. Rev. Hale was called to help Rev. Parris determine the cause of the strange happenings in his home in early 1692; he was later present at court hearings and executions, supportive of the courts actions. Later, he questioned the legality of the proceedings, and his postumously published book, A Modest Inquiry Into the Nature of Witchcraft, is one of the few sources for information about Margaret Jones. Source: Court Records We know about Margaret Jones from several sources. A court record notes that in April, 1648, a woman and her husband were confined and watched for signs of witchcraft, according to a course which hath ben taken in England for the discovery of witches. The officer was appointed to this task on April 18. Although the names of those watched were not mentioned, the subsequent events involving Margaret Jones and her husband Thomas lend credence to the conclusion that the husband and wife named were the Joneses. The court record shows: This court beinge desireows that the same course which hath ben taken in England for the discovery of witches, by watchinge, may also be taken here with the witch now in question, therefore doe order that a strict watch be set about her every night, that her husband be confined in a private roome, watched also. Winthrops Journal According to the journals of Governor Winthrop, who was a judge at the trial that convicted Margaret Jones, she was found to have caused pain and sickness and even deafness by her touch; she prescribed medicines (aniseed and liquors are mentioned) that had extraordinary violent effects; she warned that those who would not use her medicines would not heal, and that some so warned had had relapses that could not be treated; and she had foretold things that she had no way to know about. Further, two signs usually ascribed to witches were found: the witchs mark or witchs teat, and being seen with a child who, on further investigation, vanished -- the assumption was that such an apparition was a spirit. Winthrop also reported a very great tempest at Connecticut at the very time of her execution, which people interpreted as confirming that she was truly a witch. Winthrops journal entry is reproduced below. At this court one Margaret Jones of Charlestown was indict- ed and found guilty of witchcraft, and hanged for it. The evidence against her was,1. that she was found to have such a malignant touch, as many persons, (men, women, and children,) whom she stroked or touched with any affection or displeasure, or, etc., were taken with deafness, or vomiting, or other violent pains or sickness,2. she practising physic, and her medicines being such things as (by her own confession) were harmless, as aniseed, liquors, etc., yet had extraordinary violent effects,3. she would use to tell such as would not make use of her physic, that they would never be healed, and accordingly their diseases and hurts continued, with relapse against the ordinary course, and beyond the apprehension of all physicians and surgeons,4. some things which she foretold came to pass accordingly; other things she could tell of (as secret speeches, etc.) which she had no ordinary means to come to the knowledge of,5. she ha d (upon search) an apparent teat in her secret parts as fresh as if it had been newly sucked, and after it had been scanned, upon a forced search, that was withered, and another began on the opposite side,6. in the prison, in the clear day-light, there was seen in her arms, she sitting on the floor, and her clothes up, etc., a little child, which ran from her into another room, and the officer following it, it was vanished. The like child was seen in two other places, to which she had relation; and one maid that saw it, fell sick upon it, and was cured by the said Margaret, who used means to be employed to that end.Her behavior at her trial was very intemperate, lying notoriously, and railing upon the jury and witnesses, etc., and in the like distemper she died. The same day and hour she was executed, there was a very great tempest at Connecticut, which blew down many trees, etc.Source: Winthrops Journal, History of New England 1630-1649. Volume 2. John Winthrop. Edited by James Ken dall Hosmer. New York, 1908. A Nineteenth Century History In the mid-19th century, Samuel Gardner Drake wrote about the case of Margaret Jones, including more information about what may have happened to her husband: The first Execution for Witchcraft in the Colony of Massachusetts Bay, was at Boston on the 15th of June, 1648. Accusations were probably common long before this, but now came a tangible Case, and it was carried through with as much Satisfaction to the Authorities, apparently, as ever the Indians burnt a Prisoner at the Stake.The Victim was a Female named Margaret Jones, the Wife of Thomas Jones of Charlestown, who perished on the Gallows, as much for her good Offices, as for the evil Influences imputed to her. She had been, like many other Mothers among the early Settlers, a Physician; but being once suspected of Witchcraft, was found to have such a malignant Touch, as many Persons were taken with Deafness, or Vomiting, or other violent Pains or Sickness. Her Medicines, though harmless in themselves, yet had extraordinary violent Effects; that such as refused her Medicines, she would tell that they would never be healed, and accordingly their Diseases and Hurts continued, with Relap se against the ordinary Course, and beyond the Apprehension of all Physicians and Surgeons. And as she lay in Prison, a little Child was seen to run from her into another Room, and being followed by an Officer, it was vanished. There was other Testimony against her more ridiculous than this, but not necessary to be recited. To make her Case as bad as possible, the Record or it says her Behaviour at her Trials was intemperate, lying notoriously, and railing upon the Jury and Witnesses, and that in like Distemper she died. It is not unlikely that this poor forsake Woman was distracted with Indignation at the Utterances of the false Witnesses, when she saw her Life was sworn away by them. The deluded Court denounced her frantick Denial of the Charges as lying notoriously. And in the probably honest Belief in Witchcraft, the same Recorder says, in the most complacent Credulity, that the same Day and Hour she was executed, there was a very great Tempest at Connecticut, which blew down ma ny Trees, c. Another equally credulous Gentleman, writing a Letter to a Friend, dated at Boston on the 13th of the same Month, says: The Witche is condemned, and to be hanged Tomorrow, being Lecture Day.Whether there were any other suspected Persons at the time Margaret Jones was prosecuted, we have no Means of ascertaining, yet it is more than propable that a supposed Spirit of Darkness had been whispering in the Ears of the Men in Authority in Boston; for about a Month before the Execution of Margaret, they had passed this Order: The Courte desire the Course which hath been takin in England for Discovery of Witches, by watching them a certina Time. It is ordered, that the best and surest Way may forthwith be put in Practice; to being this Night, if it may be, being the 18th of the third Month, and that the Husband may be confined to a private Roome, and be also then watched.That the Court was stirred up to ferret out Witches, by the late Successes in that Business in England, -- s everal Persons having been tried, condemned and executed in Feversham about two Years before -- is not improbable. By the Course which hath been taken in England for the Discovery of Witches, the Court had References to the Employment of Witch-Finders, one Matthew Hopkins having had great Success. By his infernal Pretensions some scores of innocent bewildered People met violent Deaths at the Hands of the Executioner, all along from 1634 to 1646. But to return to the Case of Margaret Jones. She having gone down to an ignominious Grave, leaving her Husband to suffer the Taunts and Jeers of the ignorant Multitude, escaped further Prosecution. These were so insufferable that his Means of Living were cut off, and he was compelled to try to seek another Asylum. A ship was lying in the Harbor bound for Barbadoes. In this he took Passage. But he was not thus to escape Persecution. On this Ship of 300 Tons were eighty Horses. These caused the Vessel to roll considerably perhaps heavily, wich to Persons of any Sea Experience would have been no Miracle. But Mr. Jones was a Witch, a Warrant was sued out for his Apprehension, and he was hurried thence to Prison, and there left by the Recorder of the Account, who has left his Readers in Ignorance of what became of him. Whether he were the Thomas Joanes of Elzing, who in 1637 took Passage at Yarmouth for New England, cannot be positively stated, although he is probably the same Person. If so, his Age at that Time was 25 Years, and he married subsequently.Samuel Gardner Drake. Annals of Witchcraft in New England, and Elsewhere in the United States, From Their First Settlement. 1869. Capitalization as in the original. Another Nineteenth Century Analysis Also in 1869, William Frederick Poole reacted to the account of the Salem witch trials by Charles Upham. Poole noted that Uphams thesis was largely that Cotton Mather was at fault for the Salem witch trials, to gain glory and out of gullibility, and used the case of Margaret Jones (among other cases) to show that witch executions did not begin with Cotton Mather. Here are excerpts from the section of that article addressing Margaret Jones: In New England, the earliest witch execution of which any details have been preserved was that of Margaret Jones, of Charlestown, in June, 1648. Governor Winthrop presided at the trial, signed the death-warrant, and wrote the report of the case in his journal. No indictment, process, or other evidence in the case can be found, unless it be an order of the General Court of May 10, 1648, a certain woman, not named, and her husband, be confined and watched.... [Poole inserts the transcript, shown above, of Winthrops journal] ...The facts in relation to Margaret Jones seem to be, that she was a strong-minded woman, with a will of her own, and undertook, with simple remedies, to practise as a female physician. Were she living in our day, she would brandish a diploma of M. D. from the New England Female Medical College, would annually refuse to pay her city taxes unless she had the right to vote, and would make speeches at the meetings of the Universal Suffrage Association. Her touch seeme d to be attended with mesmeric powers. Her character and abilities rather commend themselves to our respect. She made anise-seed and good liquors do the good work of huge doses of calomel and Epsom salts, or their equivalents. Her predictions as to the termination of cases treated in the heroic method proved to be true. Who knows but that she practiced homoeopathy? The regulars pounced upon her as a witch, as the monks did upon Faustus for printing the first edition of the Bible, -- put her and her husband into jail, -- set rude men to watch her day and night, -- subjected her person to indignities unmentionable, -- and, with the assistance of Winthrop and the magistrates, hanged her, -- and all this only fifteen years before Cotton Mather, the credulous, was born!William Frederick Poole. Cotton Mather and Salem Witchcraft North American Review, April, 1869. Complete article is on pages 337-397.

My Family Has A Big Influence On The Language - 1022 Words

Family ties My family has a big influence on the language I use when I am with them, and even when I am not. If I do say so myself my family is rather very funny and we all just have a really great since of humor. A lot of the time we are just joking around or poking fun at one another, in a loving way of course. The relationship I have with my siblings is very important to me that relationship has really helped shape my everyday language. Most of the words or phrase I use in the family setting are from television shows, movies, or just things someone in my house has said before that is now constantly reoccurring. â€Å"Hey Assbutt!!† (â€Å"Swan Song†) My sister and I really love television, and binge watching shows together. I lot of the time we hear things that just really stick with us, and we can not help but incorporate them into our daily lives. â€Å"Hey assbutt† is from the show supernatural, Castel a fallen angel says this to a demon right before he kills him to save Dean Winchester. In the show they make fun of Castel for saying this, which makes it all the more funny. I use this when I am greeting my sister sometimes or in a situation were I need her attention. An example sentence would be something like, â€Å"Hey assbutt get down here!† When I say this in a setting that is not around my sister people usually do not understand, and some even seem offended, so I typically keep this term between my sister and I. â€Å"Then why don’t you sell me and buy a rabbit instead?† (Lilo andShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Vietnamese Language1298 Words   |  6 PagesVietnamese language, the focus is on the reasons behind why the younger generations of Vietnamese American--particularly 2.0 and up-- are becoming less fluent with their mothers tongue. In our research, we also found possible solutions parents can try to help their children maintain the ability to communicate in Vietnamese. The discussion on retaining Vietnamese language is not just through spoken language, but also the children writing ability. 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Market Cultural Report on Singapore-Free-Samples for Students

Question: You are required to prepare a Market Cultural report on a country of your choosing. Answer: Introduction A market culture is considered as the corporate culture that enhances the competition not only between the organizations but also between employees. The effect of culture on marketing effectiveness is dependent upon the behaviour within an organization (Nakata, 2009). This report will focus on the market cultural report on Singapore. An analysis will be done on various factors regarding culture of Singapore, focusing on their some specific culture by using Hofstedes culture dimension. Hofstedes cultural dimension is a theory of cross-cultural communication which is developed by Greet Hofstede. It will be helpful to define the effects of a culture of society and the value of its members. Secondary data will be helpful for evaluating the culture of Singapore as well as America. Rational for choosing Singapore There are various reasons to choose the Singapore. It is an Island city-state off southern Malaysia, is a worldwide global centre. The main reason to choose this country is that it has multicultural population. However, the population of the Singapore is 5.607 million in 2016. It has been analyzed that immigration is an essential component of Singapores short demographic history and aided shaped the acceptance of substantial immigration in current times. The culture of Singapore is combination of Asian and European cultures (Hui, Wan Ho, 2007). The openness of Singapore to global trade and investment and its effective regulatory environment motivate vibrate cultural activity. It is a democratic state which is governed by only one party, the People Actions Party (PAP), since 1965. It is considered as the most prosperous nation in all over the world. However, the economy of Singapore is dominating towards it services but it is the major manufacturer of electronic and chemicals. It has been evaluated that the business of Singapore is greatly influenced due to low-skilled labor and lower labor cost which put negative impact on the business in the form of delaying business operations (Chia, 2011). Cultural analysis of the host country (America) The United States of America is featured as the home of the brave and the land of the free. A culture of the country is transmitted in a various ways starting with recruitment and migration. The culture of America is evolved with various ethnic, regional and political influences. It is conventionally considered as a Western Culture. It is based on the British Culture which is impacted by Europe and the indigenous people. It has been analyzed that due to having magnitudes in American culture, there are several integrated but exclusive subcultures exist within USA (F?rat, 2013). Unique cultural components There are major three unique cultural components of Unites States of America. These are mentioned below: (a) The apparent artifacts (b) The adopted values (c) The ratified values that facilitated it develop and progress from an abounding diversity of origins and influence. The apparent artifacts It encompasses social spectacles, linguistic, symbols and ceremonies that characterized the life which involves tales, lingo and legends. There are two well-known examples of the apparent aircraft that dominant the culture of America are the sign of Bald Eagle and another is distinguished with red, white and blue of the national flag of country. Figure 1: the national flag of USA Source: (Lair, 2012). The adopted values The next section linked with American culture is the diversity of the people that adopt the varieties of values which involve the strategies, aim and philosophies. People from different culture express their conducts and principles distinctive as per their specific type of social, ethnic and age group. It is the country which is well known to attract many people to accomplish their goal. There are so many immigrants in this country that arrives to live the better quality life (imberov, 2007). Their customs and adopted values are considered as the contributing factors to the huge variety of sub cultural impact in America. The ratified values It is the last level of apparent that influence the culture of US by the dominant ratified values. For instance, one early explaining characteristics of the America as a nation was its ratified values of slavery. There are so many Americans who are aware about the inequalities that remain in the nation. It has been analyzed that their separated principles were proofed in the recent United State Presidential Election (Lair, 2012). Business culture of the host country Business culture is considered as the system of norms and values that are shared among a group of people in the term of constitute a design for living. America offers the wider consumer market to consumer market on earth with a population of 325 million. The businessman of the America are task oriented, they get a goal in the mind and working until attaining it. The business culture of America is different from other country because it follows strict policy during working hours towards achieving the goal and adopts the behaviour of leniency in leisure (Halac, Biloslavo Bulut, 2013). As per the US law, women get equal opportunity as men and get special benefitted from their company. America is such a melting pot of cultures and religions that is why it is hard to know the rules of that how one conduct oneself in public (Samaha, Beck Palmatier, 2014). It has been analyzed that the federal income tax in the country is increasing of up to 40% of total taxable income. Differs from Singapore The business culture of USA is entirely differing from Singapore. There are various elements which is the base of difference between the business culture of Singapore and the business culture of USA. These elements are described below: Economic overview The U.S. has the largest consumer market in all over the world. In addition, US have the free trade agreements with number of countries that enhance the access to hundreds of millions of supplementary consumers. On the other hand the activities in the manufacturing and the services sector are accountable to support the economy of Singapore. Business environment As per the World Bank doing business report, the US has slipped to the 8th position from 4th position in 2017. On the hand the position of Singapore is 2nd in all over the world due to its pro-business environment. Each state of America has its own laws and legislation and the legal system of Singapore is based on the English Common Law. Workforce Women are found as major part of the labor force in both jurisdictions. It has been analyzed that the labor force of women in the U.S. is 47% and 46% in Singapore approximately. Business language English is the language which is used in both jurisdictions. Spanish is the second most common language in the U.S. On the other hand, English is most common language in Singapore which is used in legislation and business in Singapore. Income and corporate tax Federal income tax in U.S. is amplifying up to 40% of taxable income while the progressive rate of tax for personal income is 22%. Federal corporate tax in U.S. differs from 15% to 35% if taxable income goes beyond $335,000. On the other hand the rate of corporate tax in Singapore is 17%. Figure 2: Country Ranking Source: Guide Me. (2017). Impact of unique cultures international business The unique culture defines a variety of culture, ethics, religions, languages and trends. The impact of unique culture on international business is effective because when a number of group from different country or religion gather for fulfilling the same purpose, it brings the different ideas for the growth of the particular business (Tfekci, Papatya Papatya, 2014). Organizational hierarchy towards management roles can also diverge extensively between cultures. Hofstedes cultural dimensions Hofstedes cultural dimension theory comprises a framework revolving around cross-cultural communication, which was introduced by Geert Hofstede. It is helpful to explain the relationship between the values of the members and behaviour. It is helpful to know the factors in order to operate effectively in the America. There are six cultural dimension of Hofstede framework such as power distance index, Individualism Versus Collectivism, Uncertainty Avoidance Index, indulgence Versus Restraint, Masculinity Versus Femininity and Pragmatic Versus Normative. It has been analyzed that the culture is learned by an individual while the nature of human is inherited. It has been found that the person within all cultures have different perception, values, beliefs, values and preferences. Power distance index explains the degree of inequality that exists between people with and without power. It is categorized in low PDI and high PDI. It has been found that the power distance score of America is 63.83 which place them on the average rate with the world. The business in America would be benefitted because it has the good power to operate the business (Saleem Larimo, 2017). IDV refers to the strength of the ties that people have to others within their community. It has been analyzed that the IDV score of America is low. In the context of effective business, the business need to consider the respect for privacy and maintain the harmony in among workers to overrides other moral issues. Masculinity Versus Femininity defines the allocation of rules and responsibility among men and women (Al-Mohammad, Akroush Lutfi Odetallah, 2014). The score of US on Masculinity is 62 which are high, and this can be looked in the behavioral pattern of American. Uncertainty Avoidance Index introduce that how people can cope with anxiety in better manner. The score UAI of US is low that is 46, on the basis of uncertainty avoidance dimension. It has been analyzed that business need to consider acceptance of new ideas and innovative concepts to attain the objectives within time frame (Soares, Farhangmehr Shoham, 2007). As per Hofstede, the score of PVN of US is 26 which reflect that they believe in fact and analyze the situation in an effective manner before experiment. The business need to focus on long term goal and should plan in an efficient manner. Indulgence is the dimension of Hofstede that defines the extent to which people try to prevent their desires. The score of this dimension of America is 68. After evaluating the various elements of Hofstedes cultural dimension, business needs to consider towards managing the cultural difference as part of human resource management (Bakir, Blodgett, Vitell Rose, 2015). It can be done by recruiti ng, target setting, training and appraisal. Thus, it has been cleared that Singapore can get success if it understands the culture of America in efficient manner. Conclusion In the limelight of above discussion, it has been concluded that the cultural difference is advantageous for the country because it brings the different ideas and views from different country. The combination of unique culture in America helps them to understand their place in the global market. On the other hand the culture of Singapore is effective and the difference between culture of America and Singapore has been mentioned in this report. The theory of Hofstedes cultural dimension has been facilitated to know the factors for which business is required to consider operating effectively in the country of America. References Al-Mohammad, S., Akroush, M., Lutfi Odetallah, A. (2014). Marketing culture and business performance: Re-examination of Webster's marketing culture measurement scale.Marketing Intelligence Planning,32(7), 794-822. Bakir, A., Blodgett, J. G., Vitell, S. J., Rose, G. M. (2015). A preliminary investigation of the reliability and validity of Hofstedes cross cultural dimensions. InProceedings of the 2000 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference(pp. 226-232). Springer, Cham. Chia, S. Y. (2011). Foreign Labor in Singapore: Rationale, Policies, Impacts, and Issues. Philippine Journal of Development Number 70, First and Second Semesters 2011 Volume XXXVIII, Numbers 1 2.G F?rat, A. F. (2013). Marketing: culture institutionalized.Journal of Macromarketing,33(1), 78-82. Guide Me. (2017). Doing Business - Singapore vs United States of America. Retrieved on 16th November, 2017, from: https://www.guidemesingapore.com/why-singapore/usa/doing-business---singapore-vs-usa. Halac, D. S., Biloslavo, R., Bulut, . (2013). Marketing Culture and Perceived Customer Satisfaction in Non-Profit Service Organizations.Bogazici Journal: Review of Social, Economic Administrative Studies,27(2). Hui, T. K., Wan, D., Ho, A. (2007). Tourists satisfaction, recommendation and revisiting Singapore.Tourism management,28(4), 965-975. Lair, M. (2012). A cultural analysis of the United States. Retrieved on 16th November, 2017, from: https://mayrsom.com/2012/12/24/a-cultural-analysis-of-the-united-states/. Nakata, C. (Ed.). (2009).Beyond Hofstede: Culture frameworks for global marketing and management. Springer. Saleem, S., Larimo, J. (2017). Hofstede cultural framework and advertising research: An assessment of the literature. InAdvances in Advertising Research (Vol. VII)(pp. 247-263). Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden. Samaha, S. A., Beck, J. T., Palmatier, R. W. (2014). The role of culture in international relationship marketing.Journal of Marketing,78(5), 78-98. imberov, I. (2007). Internal marketing as a part of marketing culture supporting value for external customer.Economics Management. Soares, A. M., Farhangmehr, M., Shoham, A. (2007). Hofstede's dimensions of culture in international marketing studies.Journal of business research,60(3), 277-284. Tfekci, . K., Papatya, N., Papatya, G. (2014). The effect of brand culture on the capability to create brand identity under sports marketing intelligence: A practice in football base associations of Western Mediterranean region.American International Journal of Social Science,3(2), 191-202.

The play Sorry wrong Number Essay Example

The play Sorry wrong Number Paper Lucille Fletcher wrote the play, Sorry, Wrong Number.Originally a radio play, this story provides a mental picture for the reader and still giving the allusion of fear and surprise.The main character, Mrs. Stevenson, in the play ends up depending on her only source of communication to the outside world, her phone!Sorry, Wrong Number is a play that shows the distortion of humor as well as the unaware accepts of homicide. All alone, Mrs. Stevenson has just placed a call trying to get a hold of her husband.This is when it is revealed to the reader about Mrs. Stevensons ill condition. After being asked a second time, the operator again tries to dial the number of her husbands job but by some weird twist of fate, the line ends up being incorrectly dialed.Mrs. Stevenson not deliberate of what just happened, tries and speaks but no one can hear her.She happens to overhear two men plotting to kill an elderly woman.They plain to do this around the time of eleven o clock.Then as fast as the c onversation came into her receiver, it disconnected, only leaving her with a bland buzzing signal.Devastated by what just happened, Mrs. Stevenson calls the operator back to try and report what just took place.The operator can not do much and decides to connect Mrs. Stevenson to her superior.The chief operator tells Mrs. Stevenson that she needs to contact the police because the situation is tot! al out of her hands.After being connected to the police department, Mrs. Stevenson becomes every agitated at the fact that everyone is just brushing the problem away as if the phone conversation never really happened.A long and stressful night of fearing for another womans life, she soon finds out that it is really her life that is in danger but by this time it is too late! Mrs. Stevenson is a caring and yet ignorant person.Her compassion for this complete stranger is what really gives this story its edge.

Galileo Essay Research Paper Galileo free essay sample

Galileo Essay, Research Paper Galileo # 8220 ; Whereas Galileo spent his last yearss under house apprehension and was officially condemned by the Church for his scientific positions, the senior Darwin was widely respected by the Anglican Church and was buried at the Westminster Abbey, an award reserved for merely the most celebrated personages of Great Britain. The ground for the two scientists # 8217 ; really different lucks is simple: Galileo couldn # 8217 ; t turn out the Copernican hypothesis but Darwin was able to show the truth of his theory of evolution. # 8221 ; In the universe of Galileo cogent evidence was what was needed to win with a scientific hypothesis. In the universe of Darwin cogent evidence was non needed for a scientific hypothesis to win. There were many differences in the universes of these two great scientists that lead to the reaction to their several scientific hypothesize. It was non their beliefs entirely that led to their equal # 8217 ; s views it was besides the manner each of them conducted themselves. Galileo worked his manner to go a well-thought-of scientist by most of the rational community but he was besides despised by many because of his background and because of his attitude towards others. Darwin was good respected by the rational community, but the difference was the manner they conducted themselves when they were covering with their hypothesizes. Galileo # 8217 ; s Hypothesis Galileo was good known for standing up for what he believed in and forcing the things he wanted. He was invariably composing letters and prosecuting in arguments over the issue of Copernicanism. Galileo # 8217 ; s full ground for making this was to do the scientific and spiritual communities accept that Copernicanism was really a fact and that there was plenty proof to believe it. One illustration of the manner Galileo strongly pushed his beliefs on others was the manner he preached Copernicanism to the people of Rome in 1615. While he was in Rome seeking to better the church # 8217 ; s sentiment of him, Galileo was besides debating the Aristotelians over this issue and crushing them at their ain game. Because of his natural endowment for argument and because of his intelligence was able to overreach the Aristoteleans in these arguments. Galileo acted this manner because he believed that he was in a place to do these sorts of statements without acquiring on the incorrect side of the church. These actions show that Galileo was really repetitive upon his thoughts and upon what other people and the church idea of them. By sermon and debating Galileo was seeking to coerce his thoughts into credence by the church. His methods were extremely unusual ; he tried to coerce credence of his thoughts because he believed his findings to be conclusive and had enough cogent evidence for people to accept. But when the existent facts are looked at it is really easy to come to the decision that there was no unequivocal cogent evidence that the Earth and other planets orbit around the Sun. Galileo in his documents and addresss tried to conceal his deficiency of cogent evidence by concentrating on merely what he knew. His actions on the hypothesis are the complete antonym of the thoughts of modern scientific discipline. In modern scientific discipline a hypothesis is ever seeking to be proven like Galileo was making but it in neer stated as truth until conclusive cogent evidence is demonstrated. While Galileo is considered one of the laminitiss of modern scientific discipline is really easy to see that some of his actions were non really scientific. The fact that Galileo was seeking to hold people accept his hypothesis, as a fact is one of the major jobs with Galileo # 8217 ; s battle for Copernicanism. Galileo # 8217 ; s other major job with his battle for Copernicanism was that he was excessively cocky and believed that since his thoughts made the most sense people should give up the old paradigm and believe Copernicanism to be true. If Galileo had been more cautious about prophesying his thoughts and has spent more clip seeking to turn out his hypothesis scientifically he would hold most likely been better off in his ulterior old ages. He would hold avoided much of the contention that surrounded him by the church and might hold merely gotten off with another warning. Since Galileo was the adult male he was, he could non stop his battle after his first warning by the church, he had to prevail and compose another book on the theory. In his book Dialogue on the Great Systems of the World, Galileo tried to work around the prohibition of his belief of the Copernican system by the church by showing it as simply an sentiment of his. But this as most people realized was merely another effort to demo the benefits of the Copernican system. It was because of Galileo # 8217 ; s inability to give in and accept licking that he wrote this book on Copernicanism. Galileo had besides thought that he had the church on his side this clip since he was friends with the Catholic Pope but the Catholic Pope was cajoled into believing that Galileo had insulted him with the book and started and probe to find if Galileo had broken the edict of 1616. It took hocus-pocus and misrepresentation to convey Galileo down in his 2nd struggle with the church but it was his grandiloquent attitude that caused him to come to this terminal. If Galileo hadn # 8217 ; T been so into turn outing others incorrect and merely worked on his theories he would hold been much better off. Darwin # 8217 ; s Hypothesis Charles Darwin is the adult male good known for conveying about the theory of Darwinism and natural choice. Darwin became a really successful scientist in his clip and convinced many people that his theory was scientifically sound. By the clip Darwin died he had a big group of followings the believed his thoughts to be true. The ground for Darwin # 8217 ; s success was that he was really good at converting people of his thoughts without overmastering them with statements. Unlike Galileo # 8217 ; s methods of converting people Darwin preferred to state his thoughts to his close friends and let them to distribute them to others. Darwin worked for old ages on his theory without stating more than a few people about it. He did this because he was worried of what other people would think of him and he didn # 8217 ; t want to let go of an thought into the scientific community that was merely partly though through. So for old ages he worked on his thoughts entirely and kept path of all the work he did. It took Wallace # 8217 ; s paper to acquire Darwin to rush up his ain work and eventually print an infusion of his ain at the same clip as Wallace # 8217 ; s paper was published. Once Darwin realized that person might crush him to the clout he began to work faster and shortly published His book known as The Origin of Species. Darwin # 8217 ; s methods of obtaining support for his freshly public theory were radically different from Galileo # 8217 ; s methods. Alternatively of seeking to convert everyone that he was right Darwin concentrated on his research and left the sermon of his theories to his friends. Darwin # 8217 ; s shut friends Hooker and Huxley were major participants in the spread of Darwin # 8217 ; s theory. While it was his ain theory his parts to advancing it were revising his books and go oning his work farther. This method of advancing his work worked highly good for Darwin. While Darwin was seen as the front man of the motion he was non seen as one of its cardinal thrusters. By making this Darwin was able to stay behind the scenes and go on his work to better his theories. Darwin spent most of his clip in his house outside of London fostering his research and staying in contact with the attempts to popularise his theory but did non actively take part in the manner Galileo did. By remaining slightly behind the scenes and non overmastering people with his extremist theory Darwin was able to derive a big figure of protagonists in the biological community who in bend spread his theory more and more. It was through Darwin # 8217 ; s connexions that the huge bulk of people learned about development. Darwin was non seeking to coerce his theory onto others as Galileo was ; alternatively he was merely showing it as his theory, which he was still working on. It was because of this that people weren # 8217 ; Ts threatened by it as in the manner they were by Galileo # 8217 ; s theory. That is non to state that people were non threatened by Darwin # 8217 ; s theory they surely were. Darwin # 8217 ; s theory went against allot more in the bible than Copernicanism did. While Copernicanism merely went against a few obscure transitions, development went against much of the narrative of Genesis. This fact caused many people to be hostile to the theories but Darwin still remained in better standing with the church than Galileo of all time was. The chief ground for this is the fact that in the clip Darwin lived there were more people that were educated in the ways of scientific discipline which was far more progressed than in the yearss of Galileo. These new scientific people were more unfastened to thoughts than the more spiritual people of Galileo # 8217 ; s clip. If Darwin # 8217 ; s Ideas had been introduced in Galileo # 8217 ; s clip they might hold been met with the same reaction if non stronger than the actions taken against Galileo. In this mode Darwin was lucky to populate in the clip he did where he could show a book for publication which did non hold to be capable to the blessing of the Catholic Church. Darwin and Galileo were really different work forces who are both remembered as great scientists of their times. While Galileo was condemned for his attempts Darwin was remembered as a hero. This was because of their different methods of showing their thoughts. Galileo was a combatant who would non endorse down from a battle until he was pitted against the Vatican and faced with exclusion. He tactics caused many people to contemn him in his clip, which lead to the prohibition of his book on Copernicanism. While Darwin preferred to work in his place and have others fight his conflicts for him. It was because of Darwin # 8217 ; s passive publicity of his book that he made really few enemies when compared to Galileo. If Galileo was more like Darwin he may hold been better away at the clip of his decease. While much of the Copernican theory is know as fact now there is still a argument over Darwinism. This is because it has yet to be proven definitively. Darwin was still honored for his part of this theory because he did it in a scientific mode and did non enforce his sentiment onto others.

Conflicts in The Quiet Man †Literature Essay

Conflicts in The Quiet Man – Literature Essay Free Online Research Papers Conflicts in The Quiet Man Literature Essay Conflicts occur every day. No one can live their lives without conflict; and no writer can write a good story without conflicts. In â€Å"The Quiet Man† by Maurice Walsh is no exception. The characters in the story have many conflicts with other people, society, and even inside themselves! The first and most prominent type of conflict is the person versus person. Liam wanted to marry Kathy Carey but she wouldn’t until his sister was out of the house. Liam finally let Ellen marry. Another conflict is that Ellen wanted Shawn to get the dowry from her brother. He finally does. At the end of the story Shawn and Liam fight because Shawn threw money from Liam into a furnace. Shawn wins and be comes a â€Å"man.† The second conflict type is person versus society. This type though not common in this story is important. In the beginning of the story, while in America, society was against Shawn, He was an immigrant trying to make a fortune in America. Society already had a bunch of people wanting to do the same thing. This is very important because if he had succeeded he might not have gone back to Ireland. The second conflict with society is the people of Kerry. They want Shawn and Liam to fight. Finally with pressure he and Liam get into a brawl. The third and most important conflict is person versus themselves. Shawn Kelvin had to decide between making Ellen his bride without romance or letting her wait for romance and losing her. Finally, he determined he wanted her as a bride. Ellen has to choose between marrying Shawn Kelvin and living with her brother for the rest of her life. She preferred her freedom so she saw fit to marry. Liam had to select between letting Ellen marry and getting married, and in the process become richer. He lets Ellen marry but, sadly Kathy Carey marries someone else. A conflict is defined as: a fight, battle, or struggle, esp. a prolonged struggle; strife. Life would be monotonous without conflicts; just as books and stories would be dry with out â€Å"strife.† Conflicts in the story affect the plot in a lot of unpredictable and unexpected ways. In â€Å"The Quiet Man† the ever-present struggles make the adventure of Shawn Kelvin exciting and enjoyable. Research Papers on Conflicts in "The Quiet Man" - Literature EssayBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XTrailblazing by Eric AndersonQuebec and CanadaMind TravelHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayThe Masque of the Red Death Room meanings19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionCapital PunishmentThree Concepts of Psychodynamic

Golobalisation and Transnationalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Golobalisation and Transnationalism - Essay Example London and Great Britain, in general, has been receiving large crowds of migrants in the last few years. This has contributed to an impact on the culture and the language as well as made the men and women conscious of the racial and ethnic implications. Not just human beings who have lost out in this war of globalisation but also bio-diversity and society as a whole which has resulted in large decline of social values. Globalisation has brought down the number of varieties of cauli flower, sugar beets, cabbage and other such non-hybrid vegetables by 41% all over the world (Seed Savers Exchange 1999). Out of 30,000 varieties of rice that existed in the world, rice diversity has been reduced to 50 varieties only (Ramprasad 2002). Similar impact has happened in animal breeds as well. Out of 3831 varieties of domesticated cattle, 618 varieties have become extinct (Hall & Ruane 1993). Human race does not want to breed economically poor varieties of cattle or plants. The same has happened with the human race too. Globalisation has severely curtailed the diversity that existed in human social life. This is also seen in the London Social life since the culture of the dominant human species has over run the others. The overall increase in the GDP of the world is primarily being contributed by foreign investments directly. The graph below shows the rising share of the foreign investment in the world GDP (Martin Wolf 2004). This is direct offshoot of globalisation resulting in the growth of the living standards of the people across the world. The integrated global economy now has more than 6 billion people across the world compared to 1.5 billion in 1980 (Rischard J F 2002). Human rights has been extended and the integration of the world finds many people migrating to newer locations including London and Great Britain. London's population is expected to surge by nearly 700,000 people to reach the figure of 8.1 million by 2016 (Mayor of London 2002). The population growth has become an important consideration, though the growth rate has come down. The graph below shows the increase from a 2.5 billion population of the world in 1950 to 6.3 billion in 2003. This has a strong influence in the ethnic mix of the world. In addition to all these globalisation economies taking the society on its way, there are a multitude of movements that have taken up global dimensions due to the large scale networking that is happening. Globalisation and economic injustice have always gone together. These are being fought over by a number of Civil Society Organisations (CSO) (John Clark 29 Apr 2003). The effect of these CSOs are becoming more and more pronounced in the international policy making and in resolving disputes between parties. While at the same time, the number of ethnic migrants into the country, more particularly, the London region, is posing problem for people who are handling it. This is arising because of the large scale migration happening due to globalisation (Michael Storper 30 May 2002). France has become an immigrant country while the rest of the Europe is also facing the migration issue. While the population grow

Business information for Fly Guys about Excel Spreadsheet and Access Assignment

Business information for Fly Guys about Excel Spreadsheet and Access Database - Assignment Example In contrast, the Excel spreadsheets would keep displaying messages about a locked file and this might intimidate the passengers in addition to contributing to time wastage. Thus, Access database application is a better alternative as pertains to the support of the booking operations. Second, Access database uses structured query languages (SQL) to manipulate records. An even more striking aspect of this future is that the end-user can tailor the queries to suit the business needs. For example, it is possible generating reports based on criteria such as passengers involved in half journeys, passengers involved in full journeys and passengers who are most loyal to Fly Guys. On the other hand, Excel spreadsheets lack such fascinating features. Implicit in this is the point that a business which embraces Excel as an information management tool is likely to be restricted with regards to generating reports that can support business goals. So, MS Access database is better placed to meet the custom report generation needs at Fly Guys. Another reason why Fly Guys would need to focus on MS Access to address the custom report needs is its scalability and flexibility. In brief, Access can scale well and communicate seamlessly with nearly all other 21st century relational databases via open database connectivity (ODBC) connections. The only prerequisite for this capability is for the involved database administrator to have a thorough knowledge of the Fly Guys-owned MS Access database file. As Beskeen (2010) puts it, MS Access is a better option when it comes to information storage. In general, the application’s capabilities come in handy when a need arises to store information for a more elaborated time. This aspect suits the operation at Fly Guys because the records handled will inevitably rise.

Tourism and Western Influence on the Sherpa Culture in Nepal. A brief Research Paper

Tourism and Western Influence on the Sherpa Culture in Nepal. A brief history of Sherpa society and how today's tourism to Mount Everest affects and influences their culture - Research Paper Example They practiced high attitude farming in a region known as Khumbu. This was home for the Sherpa who practiced subsistence farming and animal herding in high attitude, for example, raising yak for their products such as hides, dairy and wool. The children would be sent to collects yak dung that would be used as a source of fuel. Women dug potatoes in the snow and this could be due to peaks could not be of interest to them apart from the few sacred mountains (Furze 24). The Sherpa became involved in climbing at around 1020s. This could be due to the mountain climbing expeditions planned by the British. This led to the involvement of the Sherpa in mountain climbing as they would be hired as porters. Mountaineering became the Sherpa’s culture around 1950 during the time Nepal could be exposed. Countless climbers began flocking at the Khumbu Village which was the Sherpa home and together with Mount Everest; it later became the Sagarmatha National Park (Haimendorf 72). Mountaineering and trekking business became the cultural phenomena of the Sherpa community. The Sherpa themselves acted as a tourist guide for Westerners and also as cooks and base camp staff. They would be referred to as porters which resulted from their ability to climb and assist the westerner in climbing the tallest peaks in the world (Furze 68). This became part of their culture as many of them welcomed the changes as it provided employment opportunities, which led to the increased standards of living and comfortable lifestyles. The transformation of Sherpa’s culture led to the development of the region such that they shifted from the previous harsh life to the prosperous one. This could be brought by the establishment of trekking and mountain climbing. Trekkers brought steady income, which could sustain shops and guesthouses owned by the Sherpa along the route, the porters, guides and cooks who assisted

Abnormal psychology personality disorder

Abnormal psychology personality disorder Introduction Abnormal psychology refers to psychology branch that examines unusual behavioral patterns, emotions and thoughts that affects ones family, social, and work life. Personality disorder arises when ones personality becomes inflexible and extreme. Most of the disorders takes effect immediately after birth and later develops into a full blown one in adulthood. Clusters of Personality disorders   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are three clusters of personality disorders i.e. Cluster A, Cluster B and Clusters C. Cluster A refers to those personality disorders that are considered as eccentric or odd. Disorders experienced under this cluster involve paranoid, schizoid and Schizotypal disorders. Each of the condition under cluster A possesses different traits. For example, traits portrayed under paranoid include unwillingness to trust other people, having many baseless doubts about something and holding of grudges more often. Cluster B are those personality disorders that are related to erratic or emotional disorders and include antisocial, histrionic, borderline and narcissistic disorders. Cluster C are those disorders that are fearful or anxious. Disorders under this include the dependent and the avoidant disorders. Each of the cluster disorder bears different traits (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Diathesis-Stress model   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diathesis-Stress model refers to a psychology theory that tries to explain behavior as a result of both genetic and biological factors i.e. Interaction between nature and nurture. This model usually assumes a certain disposition towards a given disorder may occur due to a combination of a persons early learning and genetics. According to diathesis-stress model, the predisposition together with some form of environmental stress gives rise to an abnormal behavior. (University of Michigan, 1987)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to this model, different behaviors inherent in different people are prompted by the interaction that exists between genetic susceptibility and happenings in life or the environment. Rahe and Holmes developed a theory which shows an inverse relationship between vulnerability and stress. Thus, more stress is required to create a disorder when the level of vulnerability is low whereas a higher level of vulnerability requires little stress to trigger a disorder. The theory explains further that the two factors, that is, stress and diathesis must be there for one to ever develop a disorder. Lastly, Rahe and Holmes found out that the more life encounters one had, the higher the level of stress. Schizotypical Personality disorder in cluster B Personality disorders can be said to be unrelenting behavioral patterns that originate from different rules of certain cultures. Such disorders may be brought about by factors that are oppressing or stressors. One form of personality disorder in cluster B is the Schizotypical personality disorder which is also referred to as antisocial personality disorder. This behavior is usually marked with some sort of pervasive interpersonal behavior whereby the person feels that he or she is uncomfortable in social settings. The person also experiences reduced capacity in case of close relationships. Their perception and thinking power tends to be distorted and exhibits eccentric form of behaviors (The University of Michigan, 1987). Characteristics of Antisocial personality disorder The disorder is usually associated with persons over the age of eighteen but conduct disorder starts to show up before the very age of fifteen. The person has a disregard for the laws and often behaves in a reckless, deceitful, impulsive and aggressive manner. There is also lack of remorse and failure to work consistently. Males with this form of personality disorder usually have a tendency to consume alcohol excessively as a result of failure to deal with the problem of self-gratification and also the inhibition of impulses (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Definition of borderline personality disorder Borderline personality disorder refers to a prolonged psychiatric disorder. It is characterized by rapid change of mood in the patient and feelings of committing suicide that may cause difficulties to doctors while attending to the affected patients. The root cause of the disorder is not quite known but most of the affected seem to show signs of improvement as time goes by. Causes of Schizotypical personality disorder Personality disorders are usually long-term and they interfere with ones life for many years. The cause of the antisocial disorder is unknown but child abuse and genetic factors are believed to be the main reasons that contribute to the condition. Those people that have alcoholic or antisocial parent are at high risk and more men as compared to women are affected. (Moore Jefferson, 2004). Treatment of Schizotypical personality disorder Behavioral limits should be set when needed and a streetwise approach should be portrayed without being too much punitive. Medication is not always necessary but the most important thing is to differentiate pure mood disorders from the personality disorders as those patients suffering from mood disorders will gain the benefit of medication especially the selective serotonin inhibitors whole on the other hand, those patients with personality disorders require close medical check up as far as initiation and subsequent following of the medication therapy is concerned. (Moore Jefferson, 2004). Controlling Schizotypical personality disorder Most theories usually attribute the development of obsessive compulsory personality disorder to early life challenges and experiences that includes lack warm parental relationship, rigidity and over control and the presence of few rewards for the spontaneous expression of emotions.However,there is little work that has been done over the years in identifying the preventive strategies.(American Psychiatric Association, 2000). Psychopathology Psychopathology refers to the study of mental distress, mental illness, maladaptive and abnormal behavior. Psychopathology thus addresses scientists who usually work in clinical contexts on descriptive psychopathology or for classification and validation of diagnosis or on the conceptual framing of the psychopathology findings. They may thus include an interdisciplinary approach to biological and medical fields or to other humanities. Besides inviting reports concerning medical research, Psychopathology also addresses the psychologists who refer to work in clinics or pathological phenomena. Psychopathology normally accepts papers on such sections as Original paper, Review paper, Case Report and the Letter to the Editor. Reviews may consist of meta-analysis, overviews and conceptual papers which are based on a given literature overview. Original papers may contain data that is generated by authors. Case Reports on the other hand is accepted only if they stimulate the functional insigh ts of the novel or the classificatory concepts whereas the Letters to the Editor are also confined to specific scientist debate issues. (Moore Jefferson, 2004). The Nature of Psychopathology Psychopathology usually consists of typologies of psychopathology which is presumed. The focus is mainly on the diagnostic and descriptive criteria and the resultant usefulness of the categories for research, treatment planning, bureaucratic record keeping e.t.c.What is mostly common to the two approaches is that the psychopathology is the way the categories are proposed as mere potential dysfunctionality with no regard to the nature of their dysfunctionalities and in regard no attention is directed towards the issue of what makes the dysfunctrionalities pathological. Psychopathology is usually considered as rigid i.e. the act of equating dysfunctional and psychopathology is like equating the psychopathology ignorance and error (The University of Michigan, 1987). Child Psychopathology Child psychopathology as a Psychopathology refers to physical disorders that manifests in adolescents and children. Examples of child psychopathology disorder include opposition defiant, pervasive development, attention deficit hyperactivity among others. Social workers, counselors, psychiatrists and psychologists who usually work with children who are mentally ill are informed in developmental psychology, clinical child psychology, family status and development psychopathology by the research. Child health care ought not to be overlooked and so it is important to note the dramatic changes that take place (Journal of Child and Family studies, 1992). Parental stress nowadays are associated with child psychopathology especially conduct problems, aggression and hyperactivity. Both boys and girls are quite similar as far as the nature of their psychopathology is concerned and there is no variation in the range of parenting stress concerning their care (Journal of Child and Family studies, 1992). Works Cited American Psychiatric Association, (2000).Diagnostic and Statistical manual of mental disorders. American Psychiatric Association Journal of Child and Family studies. (1992).Child psychopathology and deviant family hierarchies.Springer, Netherlands. Moore, D Jefferson. (2004).Antisocial personality disorder. Handbook of Medical Psychiatry. Philadelphia. The University of Michigan,(1987)Harrisons principles of internal medicine. the University of Michigan. Turner. (1989).Child psychopathology: a social perspective. the University of Michigan

Blueprint Professional & Personal Growth Part II Essay

This paper is my analytic theorem to my Blueprint of Professional and Personal Growth from the course â€Å"Dynamic Leadership†. It gives a brief breakdown of my path to achieving my MBA. An executive summary is presented to show how the course educated me in a more systematic way and how it helped me identify my qualities as a leader and my values. Furthermore, in detail is three (3) goals I plan to achieve in my personal and professional development. Executive Summary Throughout this course, Dynamic Leadership has educated me and enlightened me in three aspects – being a leader, a follower and recognizing your personal values. Both leader and follower have a similar notion but with different service to offer – one portrays his dream and plans his mission and the other help to achieve this goal. Each of them have values, principles and ethics they live by whether in their work paradigm or at home. As this course engulfed me with so many different stages, I was able to identify different qualities of leaders and followers, what are their competencies, their different leadership styles and other leadership theories, how followers contribute to achieving the set goals, their weakness and strengths, their passion and purpose, the right timing to a right decision making, how values, principles, ethics and goals intertwine with ones personal and professional lives – individually and eventually to where it clarified profoundly, my Blueprint for Professional & Personal Growth. In general to be precis, Dynamic leadership shown me how to distinguish my leadership style(coercive, authoritative, affiliative, democratic, pacesetting and coaching styles) and projected theories to help me improve my direction as a leader in my organization. I was able to extricate my weaknesses and transform them into strengths. Not only I was able to listen more to my followers – opinions and advices, I was also guiding and sharing my experiences with them, involving them into my goals and boost their motivation. I was authoritative and afraid as I couldn’t trust my staff to delegate and take initiative. But this course has given me insight to better understand how effeicient and effective a leader should be and given the ability to self-manage. I learnt that to be adaptable in leading todays world of business requires strategic sense of personality infliction – meaning flexibility in switching leadership styles with your staff in order to maintain balance and result into productive work and innovation. Likewise, I was able to understand the different competency in followership and how to guide my followers inorder to be effective in their job. Through the interesting stories of successful leaders, my passion did find its purpose by instilling creative ideas, how to lead a diversity of different nationals, globalization, the power of technology merged with business (e-business), adapt to change and have a sight for long term goals. I realized how confusing my goals were, until I took the Personal Value Survey, it enlightened me in details and more clarification how to set my goals smartly, calculating time, recognizing my milestones and how to achieve them. Fascinated by the discussions of different points of views from my peers, made me relish the successful results I gained. Not forgetting few resonating statement, an interview with Kimberly Carter, â€Å"How would I know wether I could be successful at my venture if I didn’t try†¦. A sense of responsibility to encourage others by helping them recognize that they cannot grow unless they realize they don’t fit in any predefined box†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Her story made me put out my capabilities without fear, voicing out what I believe is right or wrong, allowing me to take risks and be prepared for any challenges and moreover to recognize the efforts of those contributing to achieve the goals by understanding them and allowing for innovation by giving them the initiative. Furthermore, Deb Henretta’s interview also displayed so many reflections in the way she runs her business as I have a little similarity managing and leading mine. Some important factors that she tackled in correspondence to other articles that I have read in the book of â€Å"Passion and Purpose† which have connections in how I run and manage my organiztaion. Such as the importance of your personnel satisfaction that will result into better use and expansion of their abilities in which it is also stated in an article by Dominic Barton (Coleman et. al, 2012g), the importance of working with the team of diverse individuality â€Å"Embracing the Global Generation† (Coleman et. al, 2012) and also recognizing the distinctiveness of every staff regardless of their gender, sex or race â€Å"Nonconforming Culture† by Kimberly Carter(Carter,2012). In conclusion, by recognizing my values, principles and goals, I was able to have a picture of how long I can achieve my set objectives and more precisely how I go about in attaining it. With my MBA, I believe not only I can change certain things but also develop it into a higher success for a longer term effects. The shared practices within the forum, helped me to be more analytical and logic. Reading from my peers their diverse experience and goals, not only powered me to achieve more, open other types of companies, listen more, better creative ideas, but most importantly they give me the â€Å"determination† in achieving them without fear and be prepared to face predicted chalalnges. Below is three (3) goals I am driven to achieve within the time frame of 5 years and even more, given that one of my goals is to instill for a longer term. Blueprint for Professional & Personal Growth Part II Action Plans During the shared practices and articles read during week 6 & 7, I was able grasp the significance in the ability to draw out the values, principles and goals wether you are a leader, a follower or an individual. I was able to draw out many short and long term goals and have them prioritized. From the action plan that I have set, I am actually thinking of acquiring another MBA in Marketing. My mother said to me once that she has always seen the lady of substance in me. Through this clarification of my personal values I plan to be more than what she portrays me to be and someday be a renowned strong wealthy business woman – like those popular strong business men in Forbes magazine. My definition of wealthy is not by any fical monetary terms but by the power of accruing knowledge and wisdom.

Distinguish between positive and negative transfer Essay

Distinguish between positive and negative transfer, and give a concrete example of each to illustrate your discussion. Positive transfer occurs when something that a person has learned in one situation helps that person learn of perform in another situation. Positive transfer took place when Elena’s Spanish helped her learn French, and when Larry’s knowledge of reinforcement influenced his decision to do his homework before playing a video game, and when Stella’s experiences with note taking in history class improved her performance in geography. In contrast, negative transfer occurs when prior knowledge hinders a person’s learning or performance at a later time. This was the situation for poor Ted: He transferred a principle related to whole numbers (one number is always larger than another if it has more digits) to a situation where it didn’t apply: the comparison of decimals. Another case of negative transfer occurs when students confuse the facts related to the various wars they study in history. For example, some students in the United States believe that the American Revolution was a battle between the English and the French (thus confusing it with the French and Indian War) or between the Northern and Southern states (thus confusing it with the American Civil War).

Essay on Individualism vs. Collectivism in terms of the Japanese and American Social and Business EnvironmentEssay Writing Service

Essay on Individualism vs. Collectivism in terms of the Japanese and American Social and Business EnvironmentEssay Writing Service Essay on Individualism vs. Collectivism in terms of the Japanese and American Social and Business Environment Essay on Individualism vs. Collectivism in terms of the Japanese and American Social and Business EnvironmentIn terms of the ever growing globalization process, the American society has more and more chances to interact with people of other nationalities learning much about their cultural backgrounds. There are no more powerful forces and constructors of modern cross-cultural communication than individualism and collectivism. The following research is aimed at investigating these powers to understand, explain and predict the features of cultural similarities and differences between the American and Japanese societies. In fact, the cultural peculiarities and principles in terms of individualism and collectivism have not changed through the time. Collectivist culture still existing in the Japanese society underlines the interrelation of any person with certain groups of people like family, colleagues or the whole nation. On the other hand, individualistic cultures emphasize the fact th at people are not dependent on the groups they belong to. The perception of collectivism and individualism by the representatives of different cultures including the Japanese and American societies has not shifted in the course of time. The following research is focused on the confronting issues regarding collectivism and individualism in the Japanese and American societies. It gives a detailed analysis of the individualistic and collectivistic perceptions in the Japanese and American social and business environments.Confrontation of CulturesIndividualism means individual initiative, responsibility and right. This notion has been acknowledged by the American society as the basic source of social progress. Individual interest is the foremost condition for an American to participate in any kind of activity and is widely recognized by the American culture. An individual in this respect is a part of the society he or she belongs to. American working places are all based on individualism , in terms of which people are paid and move forward in the career on the individual basis. Americans view groups of companies as voluntary associations that can be attended or left easily as long as it reflects the interests of an individual. This means that Americans can be united for a certain common goal, but remain autonomous acting according to their own personal interests.However, Eastern countries and Japan in particular often consider individualism as a foremost threat to the society. Japan is a nation where a personality is not an independent unit, but the function of a group or corporation. Collectivism and group orientation both in everyday and business spheres are initially peculiar to the Eastern business culture. In this regard, the social unit is not represented by an individual as it is in the West, but it is a group of individuals that forms the social basis. A person first of all identifies oneself with a certain group and least of all perceives oneself as an inde pendent personality. The promotion of individual interests in the Japanese business sphere is regarded as irrespective and not at all acceptable. Here is an example. The high quality of Japanese technical devices is known throughout the world, however, the names of scientists, inventors or business leaders who have ensured the technological leadership of Japan are practically not known to the world. Thus, collectivism in the Eastern culture is a foremost condition for the success in any sphere of life.Western vs. Eastern Social and Business ValuesKnowledge of the polar differences between the Western and Eastern cultures allows finding the right orientation in the situations of cross-cultural communication. In terms of stereotypes, it is much easier to define the typical features of business cultures in the West and East. From a wider perspective, there can be distinguished two poles. The peculiarities of the American and Japanese business cultures have historical, religious and cul tural premises. Independence, individualism, self-esteem, precision, punctuality and mobility among others can all be evaluated as the specific distinguishing features of the Western business culture. On the other side, evasiveness, hierarchy, collectivism, rituality, dependence and respect to rank are usually perceived as the characteristics of Eastern culture. While individualism is considered by the American society as the most important condition for social and business progress, it is perceived as a threat to any social sphere by the Japanese people.Hierarchy vs. EgalitarianismThe Japanese society is characterized by a deeply rooted hierarchy. It implies the major difference between the social and business structures in America and Japan. The Japanese society with its thousands year of Imperial history is organized strictly according to the hierarchical principles. The age and length of service in a company are traditionally more frequently rewarded than the qualification of a person. This is the basic peculiarity of hierarchical structure within the Japanese society. A young worker might not expect the promotion on the career ladder. The older employee even less qualified ones are likely to be promoted first.A Japanese person identifies oneself with a group in a hierarchical manner. A worker of a Japanese company has to be loyal to the values and fully accept the vertical system of relations within a group. This system is expressed in subordination and benevolence towards those who occupy a higher position. The power in this regard is not based on some personal qualities of a person, but rather on the nature of the strict order peculiar to the Japanese society of the past and present. Americans are literally shocked by rudeness, abuse and disrespect from the side of the Japanese managers towards the subordinates. Loyalty of a Japanese person in relation to one’s group of company is highly valued by the Japanese society.On the other hand, egalitari anism is a style of relations based on equality. It is peculiar to the Western culture and American culture in particular. America is known as a country of high social mobility, in which people occupy a higher social position according to one’s personal achievements. The difference in age or status can be considerable, but American corporate workers do not tend to pay much attention to the hierarchical position of their colleagues. These are the basic differences between Japanese and American societies in terms of individualism and collectivism.Straightforwardness vs. CourtesyThe models of behavior in the East and West are drastically different. The behavior of Americans is often viewed as impudent. An American is never frustrated if he/she is not like anyone else. The right of a person to be different from others has long been acknowledged by the American culture. Here, it is considered that diversity and originality are the sources of new ideas and innovations leading to th e progress and prosperity of the society. One of the aspects of the American culture is straightforwardness that may seem disrespectful and provocative to a Japanese person. Unlike Americans who tend to reject this or that uninteresting offer, the Japanese people very rarely use the word â€Å"no†. Japanese people consider it disrespectful to directly reject something. The sincerity of a person is viewed by the Japanese as a longing of a person to maintain harmonious relations without disrupting the comfort, benevolence and tranquility of the surrounding people.In general, however, one should not perceive certain statements of an Eastern person literally as the real meaning of what has been said is in this case defined by the context. The Japanese people value courtesy and avoid being straightforward in the interrelations within a groups of people or in terms of a personal contact. All this is done so as not to spoil the relations with people. And for this reason, the Japanes e society is often perceived as respectful and courteous.ConclusionTo conclude, unlike collectivism, individualism is directly connected with independence and personal freedoms of an individual. Americans deeply value the rights of people, freedom of speech and information and independence of the mass media. The rights of a person represent the foundation of the American culture. Japan has other priorities. Rights and interests of a group, whether it is a family or group of coworkers, are much more important for the Japanese people than the rights of a single individual. The representative of the Eastern culture is in many respects committed to a range of groups; this deprives a person of the social mobility. On the other hand, Americans rigorously defend their own personal rights and personal lives feeling aversion towards any kind of outer interference into their personal affairs. The Eastern culture, however, condemns the longing of the West towards individualism. And this confro ntation has deep historical and social roots.

Indians and the Westward movement essays

Indians and the Westward movement essays The white people had now found our Country. The transportation problems facing the nation were as huge as the country itself. Only a few roads for coaches and wagons stretched between the states. Coaches and wagons also moved slowly, very slowly. The 260-mile journey from New York to Boston, for example, took 39 hours by stagecoach. The only other ways to travel or move goods were by small boats, on horseback or on foot. Slow, costly transport was bad for business. It could isolate Americans in one region from those in another. Let us bind the Republic together with a perfect system of roads and canals. Let us conquer space, John Calhoun said. States began to take on the challenge of building roads and canals. This transportation revolution had a huge impact on the everyday life of Americans resulting in conflicts with the Indians. The most successful, and most daring, improvement of this period was the Erie Canal. The success of the Erie Canal opened the upper Ohio Valley and the Great Lakes region to settlement. Thousands of immigrants traveled into Ohio, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan. Farm products from this region flowed eastward and their population grew. Fed by the West, easterners could concentrate on trade and manufacturing. In turn, the westerners bought the manufacturers goods of the East. The success of the Erie Canal encouraged more canal buildig in other parts of the country. It helped Americans push west in search of new lands to farm; American victories during the war of 1812 had also crushed most Indian resistance east of the Mississippi. In addition, there was a spirit of confidence and restlessness in the air. People were on the move just to be on the move. Before this time, the way of life was very different. The policies on transportation came also with policies on economic development. Before these policies individuals produced everything ...

Analyzing Global Products through the example of the H & M and Zara Essay

Analyzing Global Products through the example of the H & M and Zara industry - Essay Example This is done to avoid delays and over dependence on a particular country and less production within the system. The firm works with middlemen to offer the best to its consumers. The organization also considers the consumers using the product, and then it considers the middlemen who are the retailers and wholesalers that sell the products to consumers, and get feedback from the consumers. H&M level of product adaptation- packaging, pricing, promotion and ways of distribution Using the middlemen, the firm buys the right items from the suppliers and the right market. H & M has a creative experience in design and markets that considers fashion and textile. The company aims at working with the economical minds of its consumers. Distribution is the process of getting the organizations products to the consumers, and a channel of marketing that distributes the products around the market. The firm has a well distribution channel, and that it depends on the IT system to enable it work efficien tly in that it makes use internet strategies to improve on its production and development of garments. Lastly, the firm has a cooperate culture that works in harmony to make sure efficient sales of its products (Saminather, 2007). The firm distributes its products through direct sales that include those made to the beauty therapists, beauty pallor, supermarkets, and shops in town. Direct selling to the consumers allows the organization to be in charge of its prices, get responses from the clients, and take charge in the presentation of the products to the consumers. These direct sales make them sell their products to different consumers from different background. When the organization sells to retailers, they sell product directly to the retailers and the... The H & M industry is a Swedish industry that outsources the non core operations. The firm, a clothing industry, does not own any factory. The industry buys its products from a chain of suppliers that supply them with cloths. The Zara Company is the contradictory of H & M Company that also deals with cloths, and it is the first growing industry in Spain. The firm is owned by Spanish Inditex group. Zara has developed a unique business model and it has vertically merged the retailers; controls every step of the value chain, and it mainly outsources garments with a longer shelf/ fashion life. H&M business model focuses on outsourcing and Zara Company uses in-house model to increase its production. The business level entails the management directors, panel of directors, and business staff. The management function is to classify the delegation and goals of the business, establish what roles the company must be in charge of apportion of assets to the different enterprise areas of the company, and devise and execute strategies that extend over the businesses. The business level entails the leaders of the particularized business. Company leaders’ responsibility is to explain broad statements of intention at the business level into tangible strategies for particularized businesses. The two companies used the business level to implement their strategies that led to their success. The practical level consists of the business leaders of exact production operations. They build up practical strategies that aid the execution of the company and company -level strategic aims. They offer nearly all the new ideas that make it likely for the company and business -level wide-ranging managers to prepare strategies.

Personal Finance - Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Finance - Case Study - Essay Example king accounts of both DOHA and AL AHLI are free, and thus there is no benefit or loss a customer gets when he chooses any of these (Elsamadisy, AlKhater, & Mahmoud, 2006). The lesson learned is that DOHA offers cheaper rates than AL AHLI, and their credit cards are easy to service. The annual percentage rates of both banks vary for credit cards but are fixed for checkout accounts. This means that the flexibility and affordability of annual interest rates depend on the amount of money an individual has in the bank. On the other hand, there is no difference whether a person has a DOHA or AL AHLI’s checkout account because both banks offer fixed annual percentage rates. The lesson learned is that it is easy to finance checkout accounts than credit accounts in terms of annual percentage rates. The overdraft fees for DOHA’s credit card and checkout accounts are 90% and 95% of the balances held respectively. AL AHLI’s fees are higher at 95% and 98% for the credit card and checkout accounts respectively. DOHA offers lower rates by 5% and 3% for the respective account (Hossain, & Leo, 2009). Higher overdrafts attract higher fees on both accounts in both banks. The lesson learned is that DOHA offers cheaper overdraft charges for both credit cards and checkout accounts than AL AHLI, even though, the differences are slim. The transaction fees that credit card holders pay in both banks vary depending on where the transaction is made (Elsamadisy, AlKhater, & Mahmoud, 2006). DOHAs costs depend on the location while AL AHLI charges depending on the amount. For instance, DOHA charges QAR 15 for transactions outside Qatar while AL AHLI charges QAR 10 for amounts less than QAR 1000. Both Banks do not charge any transaction fees for their checkout accounts. The lesson learned is that is advisable to use DOHA’s credit card when traveling overseas. However, a foreign traveler wishing to withdraw a lot of money should consider using AL AHLI’s services to enjoy the huge

Some Issues of Global Finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Some Issues of Global Finance - Assignment Example Normally, there are no risks of exchange rate crises and the system does not need government intervention in achieving the outcomes. They are normally variable since sometimes bandwagons and other speculative behavior drives and determines demand. It can also be so because exchange rates sometimes overshoot their long-run values.   The market corrects the rate automatically reflecting inflation and other market conditions influencing the economy.   Crawling peg: In this system, a currency links its value to another but gives it fluctuation limits and is immensely valuable if a currency linking itself has expectations of being volatile exceptionally, hence allowing itself to fluctuate to a level acceptable under the conditions. In this system, the authorities determine the value around which the currency can fluctuate.   Fixed exchange rate system. Here, the currency has direct convertibility towards another currency with the government trying to keep the value constant against the other currency. The government decrees the worth of its currency against the value of another, plus rules of the exchange. - Advantages and disadvantages of the Floating rate exchange system.   - Advantages. Flexibility, which enhances the capability of the country market economy to pick up and adjust quickly to the changing market conditions, is the main advantage of this system.   In case of a violation of the balance of payments deficit, this system of exchange allows for adjustment of outflow and/or inflow making either domestic or foreign goods more competitive depending on whether there was appreciation or depreciation in the currency market. Another advantage is the automatic determination of interest rates within the country, allowing efficient control of the economic balance. A country gets insulated from unemployment problems in other countries. This is because currency exchange rate adjustments normally serve as protection against the exportation of financial problems to other countries.   - Disadvantages. This system does not stimulate trade development and production, hence leading to market instability. Further, it destabilizes the financial situations and leads to economic crises. This causes uncertainty in trade; it may be uncertain to entrepreneurs the amount of money they get by selling their goods abroad or their prices in foreign countries. Likewise, importation will be uncertain since they may never know the cost of importing foreign goods. Another disadvantage is that the uncertainty it causes may discourage investment either internally or externally.   Additionally, it leads to speculation which is a serious economic destabilization since the speculative flows may contradict the trade flow patterns.

National football league Essay Example for Free

National football league Essay 1 Is my title and introduction enticing? My title and introduction are enticing because it tells how the game of football became one of the greatest sports. 2 Is my thesis effective? Yes my thesis is effective because it details the important timeline of the critical changes to the sport. 3 Have I included enough details so the reader can visualize my experience? Readers can visualize my experience through my details. 4 Are the events presented in a logical sequence? All of my events are in logical order. 5 Have I used transitions to help the sequence of events flow smoothly? My transitions help the sequence of my essay flow smoothly with dates. 6 Have I used dialogue (if appropriate)? No 7 Have I used a consistent point of view and verb tense? I have used a consistent point of view and verb tense. 8 Is the point of my narrative evident? The point of my narrative is very clear and concise. 9 Have I ended the story satisfactorily? I ended my essay satisfactorily. 10 Have I proofread thoroughly? My narrative was proofread thoroughly by me and my roommate. Kelvin Hall Professor Ross HALL 2 ENG 101 30 September 2012 The History of Football. Before the 19th century, football was just known as a ball game played on foot; now it is a very competitive sport evolved over time to become one of the greatest sports ever played. This game had many versions with different rules according to which team you played. For instance, if you played Yale University their rules would be different than if you played Princeton. The first ever soccer-football game was played using the London Football Association rules. These were the rules that most teams followed until a coach from Yale University would write the first rules for American football. Walter Camp became known as forefather of football. From 1880-1883, he single handily reconstructed the game of football by restructuring the size of the field, position and numbers of the players, and the handling of the ball. He would use rules from both soccer and rugby to format the written rules. The number of players from each team on the field decreased from fifteen to eleven. The positions included seven lineman, two halfbacks, one fullback, and one quarterback. Prior to this adjustment there was utter confusion on the field. The size of the field dwindled as well. The players started using formations to line up on the field. He adjusted the scoring system by increasing the value of a touchdown to six points from five points and reducing the field goal to four points from five which today is only three points. Until his death in 1925, he would edit every American football rule book. The first professional football game was played between the Dayton Triangles and the Columbus Panhandles in 1920 under the American Professional Football Conference. It was not HALL 3 until 1922 that it became the National Football League as we know it to be today. It only included eighteen teams then but now has thirty-two. A new football league was formed in 1959 titled the American Football League. In 1962, the AFL filed suit against the NFL accusing them of monopoly and conspiracy. This legal matter went on for over two years before resolution. The championship game between the Baltimore Colts and the New York Giants on December 28, 1958 was considered to be the greatest game ever played according to the NFL. It was the first game to go to sudden death overtime in history with a one yard touchdown run by  Alan Ameche. In 1966, both leagues agreed to play an annual AFL-NFL championship game. The first super bowl which was known as the AFL-NFL championship game was played between the Green Bay Packers and the Kansas City Chiefs in 1967. This game was won by the Green Bay Packers; making them the first team in NFL history to win a super bowl which would be won again by them the following year. In 1970, Congress approved the two leagues merged to form one league with two conferences (National Football Conference and American Football Conference). To date, there are four NFL teams that have never made it to the super bowl and nine teams who have made it but have never won. The NFL has transformed tremendously since 1869. It has produced some of the greatest athletes in the world. The Pro Football Hall of Fame (currently having 273 members) was dedicated in Canton, OH on September 7, 1963. The super bowl is still the most watched televised program in history. Without Walter Camp and his contributions to the American football game; this game might still be considered just a game played on foot. HALL 4 Works Cited Hoffer, Richard. The First Super Bowl. Sports Illustrated 116. 5 (2012): 46-53. SPORT Discus with Full Text. Web. 21 Sept. 2012. HALL 5 Guttmann, A. (2006). Civilized Mayhem: Origins and Early Development of American Football. Sport in Society, 9(4), 533-541. College Football: History, Spectacle, Controversy. Coach and Athletic Director 71. 1 (2001): 62-. Pro Quest Research Library. PROQUESTMS. 26 Sep. 2012 Peterson, Robert W. (Pigskin: The Early Years of Pro Football. ) Cary, NC, USA: Oxford University Press, 1997.

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Name: Salma Atef ID: 116741 Module Title: Comparative Politics Module Leader: Dr. Gamal Selim Research Paper Topic: The role of military in non-democratic/ authoritarian systems Due Date: 19th of December, 2013 The Role of military in Non-Democratic States The role of military extensively varies from one country to another in light of the country’s military institution. In addition, it is characterized by its various fundamental duties, which is: firstly, to enhance the means of protection of the country’s borders from both, external and internal (domestic) threats which can possibly put the country in an ominous situation, and secondly, to meddle in urgent political affairs. In other words, to intervene in politics and take a step in to help redeem the situation, to some extent this can be held for a period of time or for a lifetime. In light of the military’s intervention which occurred in Turkey for several years, it is in fact in the interest of Egypt to be ruled under a military rule for the sake of stability and achieving the state’s goals yet it cannot be guaranteed. This paper will examine the role of military in two countries. The two case studies used are Egypt and Turkey (being used as a role mod el). Chiefly, the paper will be divided into three sections: the first section will assiduously define the principle of military interventions in general as well as mention its importance and under what conditions is it necessary to intervene. Whereas the second section will comprehensibly discuss and inspect the approach (methods) that Turkey had taken to result in such a democratic development after the coup d’Ã ©tat (1980); this was the third coup on Turkey, and thus it had several negative effects on its economy. ... ...ary and the Egyptian Revolution. Retrieved from: http://www.academia.edu/3303395/The_Military_and_the_Egyptian_Revolution_Resistance_to_Reform Roberts, H. (2012). What Happened to Democracy in Turkey? A Beacon of hope in the Middle East is plunging into twilight. Retrieved from: http://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/what-happened-to-democracy-in-turkey-a-beacon-of-hope-in-the-middle-east-is-plunging-into-twilight-8399325.html Schwartz, D. (2013). Egypt’s ‘Dangerous precedent’ and Turkey’s history of Coups. Retrieved from: http://www.cbc.ca/m/touch/canada/story/1.1356899 Surtees, J. (2011). ‘Turkey is not a free Country’. Retrieved from: http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2011/may/01/turkey-free-democratic-reform-youth Tachau, F. & Heper, M. (1983). The state, politics, and the military in Turkey. Comparative Politics, Vol. 16 (No.1), pp., 17-33.